Sev Berd, known as the Black Fortress, is a powerful historical landmark in Gyumri. The Russian Empire built this massive circular fort in 1834 to defend its southern borders after the Russo-Turkish War. Its name comes from the local black volcanic stone used for its walls, which gives the building its dark and intimidating look.
The fortress is designed as a perfect circle and features narrow windows for shooting and an advanced drainage system. In the past, it was linked to other nearby fortifications through secret underground tunnels. Although the fortress was never actually attacked, it played a key role during the 19th-century wars between the Russian and Ottoman Empires.
Today, the site has been transformed from a military base into a major cultural center. After being restored, the interior now serves as a large amphitheater with excellent sound quality. It hosts concerts and international events, offering visitors a chance to explore history while enjoying views of the city and the nearby border.
